River networks represent the largest biogeochemical nexus between the continents, ocean
and atmosphere. Our current understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle …

Carbon storage by the ocean and by the land is usually quantified separately, and does not
fully take into account the land-to-ocean transport of carbon through inland waters …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

The ocean has absorbed 25±2% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions from the early
1960s to the late 2010s, with rates more than tripling over this period and with a mean …

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and their
redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate …

We describe the baseline coupled model configuration and simulation characteristics of
GFDL's Earth System Model Version 4.1 (ESM4. 1), which builds on component and coupled …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Executive summary Land and climate interact in complex ways through changes in forcing
and multiple biophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks across different spatial and …

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their
redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate …

Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and their
redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate …