Preventing and controlling influenza virus infection remains a global public health
challenge, as it causes seasonal epidemics to unexpected pandemics. These infections are …

Immunotherapy has made significant strides in cancer treatment, particularly through
immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which has shown notable clinical benefits across …

Gene therapy is on its way to revolutionize the treatment of both inherited and acquired
diseases, by transferring nucleic acids to correct a disease-causing gene in the target cells …

The discovery of immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized the field of immuno‐
oncology and established the foundation for develo** various new therapies that can …

Although cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a novel cancer treatment modality, it still
suffers from low therapeutic efficacy in clinics due to the presence of a low number of …

Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems.
Vaccine antigens encapsulated in or conjugated onto N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl …

Traditional approaches to cancer vaccines elicit weak CD8+ T cell responses and have
largely failed to meet clinical expectations. This is in part due to inefficient antigen cross …

The clinical translation of many biomolecular therapeutics has been hindered by
undesirable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, inadequate membrane permeability, poor …

A group of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides play various roles in the innate immune
system. They can stimulate pattern recognition receptors to activate innate immune cells …

Abstract mRNA vaccines can be translated into protein antigens, in vivo, to effectively induce
humoral and cellular immunity against these proteins. While current mRNA vaccines have …