Pathogenic fungi have emerged as significant causes of infectious morbidity and death in
patients with acquired immunodeficiency conditions such as HIV/AIDS and following receipt …

SARS-CoV-2 infection is benign in most individuals but, in around 10% of cases, it triggers
hypoxaemic COVID-19 pneumonia, which leads to critical illness in around 3% of cases …

Candida albicans is a commensal yeast fungus of the human oral, gastrointestinal, and
genital mucosal surfaces, and skin. Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, iatrogenic …

Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS-1) caused by
autosomal recessive AIRE deficiency produce autoantibodies that neutralize type I …

Patients with biallelic loss-of-function variants of AIRE suffer from autoimmune
polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) and produce a broad range of autoantibodies (auto …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection fatality rate (IFR)
doubles with every 5 y of age from childhood onward. Circulating autoantibodies …

Human autoimmunity against elements conferring protective immunity can be symbolized by
the 'ouroboros', a snake eating its own tail. Underlying infection is autoimmunity against …

Cytokines are among the most important effector and messenger molecules in the immune
system. They profoundly participate in immune responses during infection and inflammation …

INTRODUCTION Interindividual clinical variability is vast in humans infected with severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ranging from silent infection to …

The gut microbiota influences the health of the host, especially with regard to gut immune
homeostasis and the intestinal immune response. In addition to serving as a nutrient …