Bone stress injuries, including stress fractures, are overuse injuries that lead to substantial
morbidity in active individuals. These injuries occur when excessive repetitive loads are …

The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to
the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the …

Background Treadmills are often used in research, clinical practice, and training.
Biomechanical investigations comparing treadmill and overground running report …

Background Running biomechanics is considered an important determinant of running
economy (RE). However, studies examining associations between running biomechanics …

INTRODUCTION Mechanical power, whether for launched missiles or running humans, is
limited by the universal, physical trade-off between force and velocity. However, many …

ATRIAS is a human-scale 3D-capable bipedal robot designed to mechanically embody the
spring-mass model for dynamic walking and running. To help bring the extensive work on …

Recent advances in integrative studies of locomotion have revealed several general
principles. Energy storage and exchange mechanisms discovered in walking and running …

We twice tested the hypothesis that top running speeds are determined by the amount of
force applied to the ground rather than how rapidly limbs are repositioned in the air. First, we …

Drawing on the disciplines of neurophysiology and physics, Neuromechanics of Human
Movement, Fourth Edition, explores how the nervous system controls the actions of muscles …

Background. Lower extremity stiffness is thought to be an important factor in musculoskeletal
performance. However, too little or too much stiffness is believed to increase the risk of …