Bacteria are under immense evolutionary pressure from their viral invaders—
bacteriophages. Bacteria have evolved numerous immune mechanisms, both innate and …

The production and use of antibiotics are becoming increasingly common worldwide, and
the problem of antibiotic resistance is increasing alarmingly. Drug‐resistant infections …

Bacteriophages (phages) are often described as obligate predators of their bacterial hosts,
and phage predation is one of the leading forces controlling the density and distribution of …

The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in human health. This last decade, the viral
fraction of the intestinal microbiota, composed essentially of phages that infect bacteria …

Viruses of bacteria (bacteriophages or phage) have broad effects on bacterial ecology and
evolution in nature that mediate microbial interactions, shape bacterial diversity, and …

The gut microbiome is widely accepted to have a significant impact on human health yet,
despite years of research on this complex ecosystem, the contributions of different forces …

The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been shown to play an important role in the stress
response, but previous work has focused primarily on the role of the bacteriome. The gut …

In this review, we assess our current understanding of the role of bacteriophages infecting
the human gut bacterial community in health and disease. In general, bacteriophages …

Humans evolved a symbiotic relationship with their gut microbiome, a complex microbial
community composed of bacteria, archaea, protists, and viruses, including bacteriophages …

Bacterial genomes are highly plastic allowing the generation of variants through mutations
and acquisition of genetic information. The fittest variants are then selected by the econiche …