Microbial biofilms are ubiquitous. In marine and freshwater ecosystems, microbe–mineral
interactions sustain biogeochemical cycles, while biofilms found on plants and animals can …

The deep terrestrial biosphere encompasses the life below the photosynthesis-fueled
surface that perseveres in typically nutrient and energy depleted anoxic groundwaters. The …

Aquatic ecosystems house a significant fraction of Earth's biosphere, yet most prokaryotes
inhabiting these environments remain uncultivated. While recently developed genome …

Biofilms inhabit a range of environments, such as dental plaques or soil micropores, often
characterized by noneven surfaces. However, the impact of surface irregularities on the …

Deep aquifers (up to 2km deep) contain massive volumes of water harboring large and
diverse microbial communities at high pressure. Aquifers are home to microbial ecosystems …

The deep terrestrial biosphere hosts vast sessile rock surface communities and biofilms, but
thus far, mostly planktic communities have been studied. We enriched deep subsurface …

Iron-bearing minerals are key components of the Earth's crust and potentially critical energy
sources for subsurface microbial life. The Deep Mine Microbial Observatory (DeMMO) is …

The terrestrial subsurface hosts microbial communities that, collectively, are predicted to
comprise as many microbial cells as global surface soils. Although initially thought to be …

Biofilms are associated with infections that are resistant to conventional therapies,
contributing to the antimicrobial resistance crisis. The need for alternative approaches …

The subsurface is one of the last remaining 'uncharted territories' of Earth and is now
accepted as a biosphere in its own right, at least as critical to Earth systems as the surface …