Facultatively social species exhibit behavioral plasticity in response to changes in ecological
conditions and social environment, and thus provide a natural experiment to compare …

Highlights•Clear, consistent social terminology allows similar phenotypes to be described
and phylogenetically analysed across taxa.•Social terminology can be evaluated in …

Provisioning for young offspring is an archetypical form of parental investment. Ceratina
calcarata bees provide extended maternal care to their young and demonstrate an unusual …

Kin selection theory is foundational in hel** to explain the evolution of sociality; however,
the degree to which indirect fitness benefits may underlie hel** behavior in species of …

The effects of habitat restoration are usually studied using cross‐sectional comparisons of
species assemblages among sites of various ages or disturbance levels. Longitudinal …

Optimal nest site selection is crucial in animals whose offspring are completely dependent
on the shelter of a nest. Parental decisions influencing nest thermal conditions are …

Many organisms are known to have wide distribution ranges, which cover large variability of
ecological conditions. Therefore, natural history traits can differ throughout the distributional …

Parental care directed to adult offspring is uncommon in animals. Such parental care has
been documented in Xylocopinae bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Moreover, some Ceratina …

Small carpenter bees (Ceratina calcarata Robertson)(Hymenoptera: Apidae) build their
nests in both sunny and shady sites, so maternal decisions about nest sites influence the …

1. Maternal investment can be influenced by several factors, especially maternal quality and
possibilities for future reproduction. Mass provisioning Hymenoptera are an excellent group …