The prevalence of autoimmune diseases (ADs) worldwide has rapidly increased over the
past few decades. Thus, in addition to the classical risk factors for ADs, such as genetic …

Bifidobacterium is a widely distributed commensal bacterial genus that displays beneficial
pro-homeostatic and anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory properties. Depletion or absence …

The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut
microbiome”. Of note, the members of the genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla …

The human microbiota has a fundamental role in host physiology and pathology. Gut
microbial alteration, also known as dysbiosis, is a condition associated not only with …

During the last years probiotics gained the attention of clinicians for their use in the
prevention and treatment of multiple diseases. Probiotics main mechanisms of action …

In recent years, there has been an emerging interest in the possible role of the gut
microbiota as a co-factor in the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), as many …

The gut microbiota is essential to health and has recently become a target for live bacterial
cell biotherapies for various chronic diseases including metabolic syndrome, diabetes …

Gut dysbiosis, a primary factor behind various gastrointestinal disorders may also augment
lipopolysaccharides, pro-inflammatory cytokines, T helper cells and monocytes causing …

Unresolved low grade systemic inflammation represents the underlying pathological
mechanism driving immune and metabolic pathways involved in autoimmune diseases …

The collection of microbes and their genes that exist within and on the human body,
collectively known as the microbiome has emerged as a principal factor in human health …