Clinical and laboratory studies over recent decades have established branched evolution as
a feature of cancer. However, while grounded in somatic selection, several lines of evidence …

Non-genetic alterations can produce changes in a cell's phenotype. In cancer, these
phenomena can influence a cell's fitness by conferring access to heritable, beneficial …

Resistance to anti-estrogen therapy is an unsolved clinical challenge in successfully treating
ER+ breast cancer patients. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of non-genetic (ie …

Intra-tumor heterogeneity contributes to treatment failure and poor survival in urothelial
bladder carcinoma (UBC). Analyzing transcriptome from a UBC cohort, we report that intra …

Cancer is a clonal disease, ie, all tumor cells within a malignant lesion trace their lineage
back to a precursor somatic cell that acquired oncogenic mutations during development and …

Tumor heterogeneity, a hallmark of cancer, impairs the efficacy of cancer therapy and drives
tumor progression. Exploring inter-and intra-tumoral heterogeneity not only provides insights …

Despite efforts to improve earlier diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), most
patients present with advanced stage disease, which is often associated with poor survival …

In the past, contradictory statements have been made about the age of cancer genes. While
phylostratigraphic studies suggest that cancer genes emerged during the transitional period …

Many cancers resist therapeutic intervention. This is fundamentally related to intratumor
heterogeneity: multiple cell populations, each with different phenotypic signatures, coexist …

The WNT/β-catenin is among one of the most extensively studied cellular signaling
pathways involved in the initiation and progression of several deadly cancers. It is now …