Fragmentation—the process by which habitats are transformed into smaller patches isolated
from each other—has been identified as a major threat for biodiversity. Fragmentation has …

Extinction debts can result from many types of habitat changes involving mechanisms other
than metapopulation processes. This is a fact that most recent literature on extinction debts …

For a half century, habitat configuration–the arrangement of habitat patches within a
landscape–has been central to theories of landscape ecology, population dynamics, and …

Extinction debt refers to delayed species extinctions expected as a consequence of
ecosystem perturbation. Quantifying such extinctions and investigating long‐term …

Humans have altered large areas of the Earth surface. By the beginning of the 21st century,
75% of the Earth ice-free land had been modified by humans in some degree (Watson et al …

It is widely recognized that ecological dynamics influence evolutionary dynamics, and
conversely that evolutionary changes alter ecological processes. Because fragmentation …

Context Global climate change will lead to increased climate variability, including more
frequent drought and heatwaves, in many areas of the world. This will affect the distribution …

Quantifying the risk of extinction due to habitat loss is an increasingly urgent task for the
design and implementation of effective conservation interventions. Methods based on …

A significant challenge in both measuring and predicting species extinction rates at global
and local scales is the possibility of extinction debt, time‐delayed extinctions that occur …

Spatial heterogeneity is a fundamental feature of ecosystems, and ecologists have identified
it as a factor promoting the stability of population dynamics. In particular, differences in …