Volcanic ashes in coal and coal-bearing sequences typically occur as persistent bands
within coal seams (generally as tonsteins, but in a few cases as bentonites, K-bentonites, or …

The large Palaeozoic continent of Laurentia was largely in North America, but included parts
of modern Europe. It was independent from late Neoproterozoic times at about 570Ma until it …

The temporal link between large igneous province (LIP) eruptions and at least half of the
major extinctions of the Phanerozoic implies that large scale volcanism is the main driver of …

“The focus is the most severe mass extinction known in earth's history. The science on which
the book is based is up-to-date, thorough, and balanced. Highly recommended.”—Choice …

Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are the products of exceptional magmatic events that played
important roles in tectonic plate reorganizations, environmental crises, energy resource …

The Permian marine-terrestrial system of the North China block provides an exceptional
window into the evolution of northern temperate ecosystems during the critical transition …

The eruption of Emeishan lava in southwestern China and northern Vietnam is considered
to be a contributing factor to the Capitanian mass extinction and subsequent global cooling …

A mid-Permian (Guadalupian epoch) extinction event at approximately 260 Ma has been
mooted for two decades. This is based primarily on invertebrate biostratigraphy of …

Therapsid and other tetrapod fossils from the South African Karoo Supergroup provide the
most detailed and best studied terrestrial vertebrate record of the Middle and Late Permian …

The history of the Earth system is a story of change. Some changes are gradual and benign,
but others, especially those associated with catastrophic mass extinction, are relatively …