Placebo and Nocebo Effects Placebo and nocebo effects (effects of patients' positive and
negative expectations) are powerful and pervasive in clinical practice. Neurobiologic …

Neuropathic pain is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system, including
peripheral fibres (Aβ, Aδ and C fibres) and central neurons, and affects 7–10% of the …

Adverse nocebo responses can cause harm to patients and interfere with treatment
adherence and effects in both clinic practice and clinical trials. Nocebo responses refer to …

Placebo effects are beneficial effects that are attributable to the brain–mind responses to the
context in which a treatment is delivered rather than to the specific actions of the drug. They …

Pharmacological strategies for pain management have primarily focused on dampening
ascending neurotransmission and on opioid receptor–mediated therapies. Little is known …

Our understanding of the mechanisms mediating or moderating the placebo response to
medicines has grown substantially over the past decade and offers the opportunity to …

Modern medicine has progressed in parallel with the advancement of biochemistry,
anatomy, and physiology. By using the tools of modern medicine, the physician today can …

Introduction Placebo and nocebo represent complex and distinct psychoneurobiological
phenomena in which behavioural and neurophysiological modifications occur together with …

The placebo effect has often been considered a nuisance in basic and particularly clinical
research. This view has gradually changed in recent years due to deeper insight into the …

Placebo and nocebo effects are embodied psycho-neurobiological responses capable of
modulating pain and producing changes at different neurobiological, body at perceptual and …