One characteristic trait of space plasmas is the multi-scale dynamics resulting from non-
linear transfers and conversions of various forms of energy. Routinely evidenced in a range …

How has the solar wind evolved to reach what it is today? In this review, I discuss the long-
term evolution of the solar wind, including the evolution of observed properties that are …

The TRAPPIST-1 system is remarkable for its seven planets that are similar in size, mass,
density and stellar heating to the rocky planets Venus, Earth and Mars in the Solar System …

Planets orbiting M-dwarf stars are prime targets in the search for rocky exoplanet
atmospheres. The small size of M dwarfs renders their planets exceptional targets for …

The critical first step in the search for life on exoplanets over the next decade is to determine
whether rocky planets transiting small M-dwarf stars possess atmospheres and, if so, what …

Solar flares are often accompanied by filament/prominence eruptions (~ 104 K and~ 1010−
11 cm− 3), sometimes leading to coronal mass ejections that directly affect the Earth's …

The habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its
interior, surface, and atmosphere. The electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive …

The current state and surface conditions of the Earth and its twin planet Venus are drastically
different. Whether these differences are directly inherited from the earliest stages of …

Low-mass stars show evidence of vigorous magnetic activity in the form of large flares and
coronal mass ejections. Such space weather events may have important ramifications for the …

We conducted the time-resolved simultaneous optical spectroscopic and photometric
observations of mid-M-dwarf flare stars YZ CMi, EV Lac, and AD Leo. Spectroscopic …