Multicellular spheroids and organoids are promising in vitro 3D models in personalized
medicine and drug screening. They replicate the structural and functional characteristics of …

Microfluidics has recently emerged as a powerful tool in generation of submillimeter-sized
cell aggregates capable of performing tissue-specific functions, so-called microtissues, for …

Most cancer biologists still rely on conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture
techniques to test in vitro anti-tumor drugs prior to in vivo testing. However, the vast majority …

Evidence from physical sciences in oncology increasingly suggests that the interplay
between the biophysical tumor microenvironment and genetic regulation has significant …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) harbours various signals to control cellular functions and the
materiality of tissues. Most efforts to synthetically reconstitute the matrix by biomaterial …

Polymeric microspheres (PMs) have attracted great attention in the field of biomedicine in
the last several decades due to their small particle size, special functionalities shown on the …

Physical forces have a crucial role in tumor progression and cancer treatment. The
application of principles of engineering and physical sciences to oncology has provided …

Significant advances in materials, microscale technology, and stem cell biology have
enabled the construction of 3D tissues and organs, which will ultimately lead to more …

Cancer cells propagated in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems exhibit physiologically
relevant cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, gene expression and signaling pathway …

Multicellular cancer spheroids (MCSs) have emerged as a promising in vitro model that
replicates many features of solid tumors in vivo. Biomimetic hydrogel scaffolds for MCS …