In order to reduce dependence on fossil resources, the use of biomass for chemical
production purposes can be realized through thermal decomposition via the pyrolysis route …

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is increasingly recognized as a valuable resource rather than a
waste product, given its potential for recycling and reprocessing into various chemicals. The …

The abundance of empty oil palm fruit bunches (EFB) makes it attractive to be processed
through pyrolysis. Despite many studies dealing with it, the investigation of high water …

Sustainable chemical production through biomass pyrolysis is attractive. This is necessary to
suppress massive dependence on fossil resources. Nevertheless, the liquid product as raw …

The modified clinoptilolite was used to mitigate Cu (II) and Zn (II) in acid mine drainage. This
study explored integrating the cationic surfactant HDTMA-Br and the cation Mg (II) into …

Coffee shell (CS), a type of waste stripped off during the coffee production process,
possesses practical significance and economic value. First, CS was examined to explore its …

Rice husk valorization to produce silica is believed to involve an eco-friendly process rather
than silica production from conventional and fume routes. Nevertheless, the quantitative …

Palm oil processing can result in different food products like cooking oil and margarine.
Nevertheless, these food products might contain harmful contaminants, namely 3 …

The development of biofuel production is of high concern since energy and fuels have so far
been fulfilled by fossil resources. Microalgae, as green biomass, has the potential to …

Silica production from sandstone requires tremendous fossil resources that threaten our
environment. Hence, greener resources from biomass should be utilized. One of them is …