Our ancestral diet consisted of much more nondigestible fiber than that of many societies
today. Thus, from an evolutionary perspective the human genome and its physiological and …

Abstract Purpose of Review The incidence of allergies is increasing and has been
associated with several environmental factors including westernized diets. Changes in …

Changes in gut microbiota have been associated with several diseases. Here, the
International Multiple Sclerosis Microbiome Study (iMSMS) studied the gut microbiome of …

Probiotics can effectively improve ulcerative colitis (UC), but the mechanism is still unclear.
Here, shotgun metagenome and transcriptome analyses were performed to explore the …

The gut microbiota (GM) is defined as the community of microorganisms (bacteria, archaea,
fungi, viruses) colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. GM regulates various metabolic pathways …

Inulin consumption in both humans and animal models is recognized for its prebiotic action
with the most consistent change that lies in enhancing the growth and functionality of …

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is a standard treatment for locally
advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients, yet little is known about the mediators underlying …

We assessed the gut microbiota of 90 American young adults, comparing 43 participants
with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 47 healthy controls, and found that the MDD …

The gastrointestinal tract is a complex ecosystem that contains a large number of
microorganisms with different metabolic capacities. Modulation of the gut microbiome can …

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by the bacterial
fermentation of dietary fiber, and they play a critical role in the maintenance of intestinal …