For the past 20 years, researchers have investigated the use of eye tracking in security
applications. We present a holistic view on gaze-based security applications. In particular …

Research has brought forth a variety of authentication systems to mitigate observation
attacks. However, there is little work about shoulder surfing situations in the real world. We …

While first-generation mobile gaze interfaces required special-purpose hardware, recent
advances in computational gaze estimation and the availability of sensor-rich and powerful …

Shoulder surfing attacks (SSAs) are a type of observation attack designed to illicitly gather
sensitive data from" over the shoulder" of victims. This attack can be directed at mobile …

One approach to mitigate shoulder surfing attacks on mobile devices is to detect the
presence of a bystander using the phone's front-facing camera. However, a person's face in …

Shoulder surfing refers to observing someone's device screen without their consent.
Conspicuously switching off the screen upon noticing a friend observing private messages …

The augmented reality (AR) Metaverse environment combines the physical and virtual world
together. Privacy is a major concern in AR since the cameras use to capture the physical …

As mobile devices allow access to an increasing amount of private data, using them in
public can potentially leak sensitive information through shoulder surfing. This includes …

Data visualizations have been widely used on mobile devices like smartphones for various
tasks (eg, visualizing personal health and financial data), making it convenient for people to …

People use their mobile devices anywhere and anytime to run various apps, and the
information shown on their device screens can be seen by nearby (unauthorized) parties …