The skeleton is an exquisitely sensitive and archetypal T3-target tissue that demonstrates
the critical role for thyroid hormones during development, linear growth, and adult bone …

The nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone begin at receptors in the plasma membrane,
mitochondria or cytoplasm. These receptors can share structural homologies with nuclear …

Steroid hormone receptors mediate numerous crucial biological processes and are
classically thought to function as transcriptional regulators in the nucleus. However, it has …

Protein S-acylation, the only fully reversible posttranslational lipid modification of proteins, is
emerging as a ubiquitous mechanism to control the properties and function of a diverse …

The cellular influx and efflux of thyroid hormones are facilitated by transmembrane protein
transporters. Of these transporters, monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is the only one …

Estrogen receptors (ER) include ER alpha, ER beta and new membrane receptor G protein-
coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). Estrogen receptors are key receptors to maintain ovarian …

Thyroid hormones are important during development of the mammalian brain, acting on
migration and differentiation of neural cells, synaptogenesis, and myelination. The actions of …

The hypothalamus‐pituitary‐thyroid (HPT) axis determines the set point of thyroid hormone
(TH) production. Hypothalamic thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the …

Thyroid hormone (TH) regulates many functions including metabolism, cell differentiation,
and nervous system development. Alteration of thyroid hormone level in the body can lead …

Over the past few years, growing evidence suggests direct crosstalk between thyroid
hormones (THs) and the immune system. Components of the immune system were …