Optical tweezers have become the method of choice in single-molecule manipulation
studies. In this Primer, we first review the physical principles of optical tweezers and the …

The absorption of light by plasmonic nanostructures and their associated temperature
increase are exquisitely sensitive to the shape and composition of the structure and to the …

The breaking of bilateral symmetry in most vertebrates is critically dependent upon the
motile cilia of the embryonic left-right organizer (LRO), which generate a directional fluid …

The current status of luminescence nanothermometry is reviewed in detail. Based on the
main parameters of luminescence including intensity, bandwidth, bandshape, polarization …

Quantum metrology provides a route to overcome practical limits in sensing devices. It holds
particular relevance to biology, where sensitivity and resolution constraints restrict …

The concept of optical temperature sensing using band intensity ratio is considered as one
of the most effective, self‐reference, non‐invasive, and rapid detection techniques for the …

Dynamic biological measurements require low light levels to avoid damaging the specimen.
With this constraint on optical power, quantum noise fundamentally limits the measurement …

Single-molecule force spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the forces
and motions associated with biological molecules and enzymatic activity. The most common …

Since their invention just over 20 years ago, optical traps have emerged as a powerful tool
with broad-reaching applications in biology and physics. Capabilities have evolved from …

The biomolecule is among the most important building blocks of biological systems, and a
full understanding of its function forms the scaffold for describing the mechanisms of higher …