Cytokines represent the major factors involved in the communication between T cells,
macrophages and other immune cells in the course of an immune response to antigens and …

This review has summarized some of the evidence suggesting that cytokines may play an
important role in mediating pathophysiologic events in RA. However, these proteins are …

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) in cirrhosis is characterized by acute decompensation
(AD), organ failure (s), and high short‐term mortality. Recently, we have proposed (systemic …

Leukocytes respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at nanogram per milliliter concentrations
with secretion of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Excess secretion of TNF …

Mammalian cells proteolytically release (shed) the extracellular domains of many cell-
surface proteins1. Modification of the cell surface in this way can alter the cell's …

This pocket-sized resource offers rapid, portable access to the most important facts and
concepts from Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th Edition. It is a superb …

Tumour-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a cytokine that contributes to a variety of inflammatory
disease states1. The protein exists as a membrane-bound precursor2, 3 of relative …

The primary structure of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), a trace plasma protein
that binds to the lipid A moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), was deduced by …

Expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be activated in a
chronically infected T-cell line (ACH2 cells) by a cytokine, human tumor necrosis factor …

Cells within the synovial tissue may recruit mononuclear phagocytes into the synovial fluid
and tissues of arthritic patients. We investigated the production of the chemotactic cytokine …