The progress of science and technology speeds up the upgrading of electrical and
electronic equipment, resulting in the generation of electronic waste (e-waste). Electronic …

The shift towards renewable energy sources combined with other factors, such as
population increase, digitalisation, and a need to decrease carbon footprint, leads to …

Mineral processing is one of the important methods of resource utilization, and flotation and
leaching are the main methods of mineral processing. The conventional reagents used in …

Chalcopyrite is the most important and abundant raw material for copper extraction in which
hydrometallurgical leaching is more attractive. However, the leaching rate is limited, which is …

Zircon tailings containing rare earth metals are one of the alternative raw materials from
secondary sources in Indonesia. The objective is to determine the effects of several …

Gold leaching is an important process to extract gold from ore. Conventional alkaline
cyanide process and alternative nontoxic lixiviants including thiosulfate, thiourea …

The transition to renewable energy infrastructure necessitates rapid growth in copper
production, averaging at least 3.5% annually to 2050. The current smelting–converting …

As the recovery, conversion and reuse of metals is a crucial concept of waste-to-resources
(WTR) within a circular economy, the study was undertaken to check the effectiveness of …

Research on chalcopyrite leaching represents a great challenge, given its importance as
one of the most abundant copper minerals and its significant role in global copper extraction …

Develo** new and sustainable leaching system with limited release of pollutant and low
acid and energy consumption is a challenge for copper extraction from chalcopyrite. In this …