Phlebotomine sandflies transmit pathogens that affect humans and animals worldwide. We
review the roles of phlebotomines in the spreading of leishmaniases, sandfly fever, summer …

Latin America encompasses diverse geographical, cultural and socio-economic conditions,
which are reflected in the challenges for infectious disease control in the region. One of the …

Since the description of Lutzomyia longipalpis by Lutz and Neiva more than 100 years ago,
much has been written in the scientific literature about this phlebotomine species. Soares …

Leishmania parasites, causative agents of leishmaniasis, are currently divided into four
subgenera: Leishmania, Viannia, Sauroleishmania and Mundinia. The recently established …

Background Leishmania infantum is the most widespread etiological agent of visceral
leishmaniasis (VL) in the world, with significant mortality rates in human cases. In Latin …

American Cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in Brazil is caused by seven Leishmania species.
A multitude of sand fly species are implicated in their enzootic and zoonotic transmission …

American visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonosis caused by Leishmania infantum and
transmitted mainly by Lutzomyia longipalpis. However, canine cases have been reported in …

Visceral leishmaniasis is spreading in Brazil where the main vector of its agent, Leishmania
infantum Nicolle, 1908, is the Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) species complex …

Sand flies are the only accepted biological vectors of Leishmania parasites. However,
secondary modes of transmission have been extensively discussed and speculated about in …

DNA barcoding has been an effective tool for species identification in several animal groups.
Here, we used DNA barcoding to discriminate between 47 morphologically distinct species …