The functional role and commercial importance of insect pigments have been studied for
well over a century. They are classified into those synthesized by insects, which include …

Aposematic theory has historically predicted that predators should select for warning signals
to converge on a single form, as a result of frequency‐dependent learning. However …

Biological coloration presents a canvas for the study of ecological and evolutionary
processes. Enduring interest in colour‐based phenotypes has driven, and been driven by …

A comprehensive treatment of visual ecology Visual ecology is the study of how animals use
visual systems to meet their ecological needs, how these systems have evolved, and how …

Employing the clear, student-friendly style that made previous editions so popular, Insect
Physiology and Biochemistry, Fourth Edition presents an engaging and authoritative guide …

Müllerian mimicry among Neotropical Heliconiini butterflies is an excellent example of
natural selection, associated with the diversification of a large continental-scale radiation …

Research into Heliconius butterflies has made a significant contribution to evolutionary
biology. Here, we review our understanding of the diversification of these butterflies …

The opsin gene family encodes key proteins animals use to sense light and has expanded
dramatically as it originated early in animal evolution. Understanding the origins of opsin …

Behavioral ecologists have long studied the role of coloration as a defense against natural
enemies. Recent reviews of defensive coloration have emphasized that these visual signals …

The Heliconius butterflies are one of the classic systems in evolutionary biology and have
contributed hugely to our understanding of evolution over the last 150 years. Their dramatic …