Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an evolving field of reconstructive
surgery that has revolutionized the treatment of patients with devastating injuries, including …

Pre-clinical studies are an obligatory tool to develop and translate novel therapeutic
strategies into clinical practice. Acute and chronic rejection mediated by the recipient's …

Background Strategies aiming at minimization or elimination of systemic
immunosuppression are key immediate goals for clinical expansion of vascularized …

Background Cellular therapies for immunomodulation in vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA) have gained importance due to their potential for minimization of …

Transplant rejection remains a challenge especially in the field of vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA). To blunt the alloreactive immune response ‚stable levels of …

Donor‐derived adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) dampen the
alloimmune response and exosomes are reported to have biological activity similar to their …

Cellular therapies provide promising options for inducing tolerance in transplantation of
solid organs, bone marrow, and vascularized composite allografts. However, novel …

The risks of chronic immunosuppression limit the utility of vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA) as a reconstructive option in complex tissue defects. We evaluated …

Current pharmacologic regimens in transplantation prevent allograft rejection through
systemic recipient immunosuppression but are associated with severe morbidity and …

Vascularised Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) is the top rung of the reconstructive
ladder, offering 'like-for like'functional reconstruction for the most devastating tissue loss …