Background Bone regeneration involves various complex biological processes. Many
experiments have been performed using biomaterials in vivo and in vitro to promote and …

Metallic implants sometimes fail in orthopedic surgeries due to insufficient bio-functionality,
implant-associated infections, poor osteointegration due to high inertness (Ti, Co–Cr …

Magnesium has been suggested as a revolutionary biodegradable metal for use as an
orthopaedic material. As a biocompatible and degradable metal, it has several advantages …

The present overview is intended to point the readers' attention to the important subject of
calcium orthophosphates. These materials are of the special significance because they …

The present overview is intended to point the readers' attention to the important subject of
calcium orthophosphates. This type of materials is of special significance for human beings …

Bone is a dynamic organ with high regenerative potential and provides essential biological
functions in the body, such as providing body mobility and protection of internal organs …

The key feature of calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) lies in the setting reaction triggered
by mixing one or more solid calcium phosphate salts with an aqueous solution. Upon …

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), which is structurally similar to hydroxyapatite (HA), is a
possible precursor of bone apatite crystals. Although disagreement remains as to whether …

Disadvantages of conventional drug delivery systems (DDS), such as systemic circulation,
interaction with physiochemical factors, reduced bioavailability, and insufficient drug …

Stem cells play increasingly prominent roles in tissue engineering and regenerative
medicine. Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells theoretically allow every cell type in the …