A great deal of research aims to identify risk factors related to individual vulnerability to
develop stress-induced psychopathologies. Here, we summarize evidence that point at …

Agitation is a behavioral syndrome characterized by increased, often undirected, motor
activity, restlessness, aggressiveness, and emotional distress. According to several …

Anxious individuals consistently fail in controlling emotional behavior, leading to excessive
avoidance, a trait that prevents learning through exposure. Although the origin of this failure …

Chronic stress-induced emotional disorders like anxiety and depression involve imbalances
between the excitatory glutamatergic system and the inhibitory GABAergic system in the …

The easy availability of food has caused a shift from eating for survival to hedonic eating.
Women, compared to men, have shown to respond differently to food cues in the …

Recent neuroimaging studies suggest that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)
contributes to regulation of emotion. However, the adaptive response of the vmPFC under …

Early-life adversity (ELA), often clinically referred to as “adverse childhood experiences
(ACE),” is the exposure to stress-inducing events in childhood that can result in poor health …

Diabetic patients receiving the antidiabetic drug metformin have been observed to exhibit a
lower prevalence of anxiety disorders, yet the precise mechanism behind this phenomenon …

Ethanol, also known as alcohol, is one of the most common drinks in the world. Chronic
ethanol exposure has been reported to induce mental disorders. Ethanol also has a strong …

Interoception refers to the perception of the internal bodily states. Recent accounts highlight
the role of the insula in both interoception and the subjective experience of anxiety. The …