With its decentralized, immutable, and consensus-based validation features, blockchain
technology has grown from early financial applications to a variety of different sectors. This …

Current railroad customs clearance systems are problematic in that the movement of trains is
occasionally restricted for extended periods during inspections to verify cargo integrity at …

Cryptographic techniques are reviewed in this literature review, with particular attention paid
to their applicability, importance, contributions, and field strengths. These algorithms include …

This research offers a new approach by combining digital signatures with Hash ID
algorithms and integrating blockchain technology to build a more secure digital certificate …

Technological developments in data communication has increased the integration
cryptographic algorithms. Hash functions are used in many security schemes such as digital …

The cost of travel and transportation is rising globally as a result in the increased use of non-
renewable resources like diesel and petroleum. The automobile industry comes up with the …

Abstract The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) plays a crucial role
in promoting disarmament and preventing nuclear proliferation. Effective verification of …