In a Fontan circuit the mechanisms involved in control of cardiac output at rest and during
exercise differ significantly from normal. The classical model presumes an unlimited preload …

Visualization and quantification of the adverse effects of distorted blood flow are important
emerging fields in cardiology. Abnormal blood flow patterns can be seen in various …

Abstract Aims The Fontan operation has resulted in improved survival in patients with single‐
ventricle congenital heart disease. As a result, there is a growing population of teenagers …

Background The Fontan circulation is a palliation for patients with a functionally
univentricular heart. It is characterized by gradual attrition over time. An increase in …

Blood flow imaging is a novel technology in cardiovascular medicine and surgery. Today,
two types of blood flow imaging tools are available: measurement-based flow visualization …

Objectives This study sought to quantify average hemodynamic metrics of the Fontan
connection as reference for future investigations, compare connection types (intra-atrial vs …

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance has been utilized in the management and care of
pediatric patients for nearly 40 years. It has evolved to become an invaluable tool in the …

The Fontan operation places the systemic and pulmonary circulations in series, driven by a
single ventricular chamber. It has become the treatment strategy of choice for palliating …

Congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect and functionally univentricular
heart defects represent the most severe end of this spectrum. The Fontan circulation …

Total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) geometries have great variability. Geometric
features, such as diameter, connection angle, and distance between vessels, are …