The rapid urbanization leads to the dynamic changes of the urban external landscape and
forms different urban growth patterns (UGP), which in turn affects the development level of …

The brightness of nighttime lights (NTL) has been proven to be strongly related to population
density and thus has been widely used for population estimation from national to county …

Public space lighting is important for public perception, human health and urban planning.
Previous studies used nighttime light remote sensing data to evaluate light pollution and its …

The comprehensive characterization of global urbanization requires consideration of both
human activities and urban physical structures. Both human activities and urban physical …

The Turkey–Syria earthquake on 6 February 2023 resulted in losses such as casualties,
road damage, and building collapses. We mapped and quantified the areas impacted by the …

The spatial agglomeration of urban elements results in the center-periphery urban structure,
but the difference in spatial gradients of socioeconomic and physical elements is unclear …

Context Densification and outward expansion are two manifestations of urban land-change
process. However, the spatiotemporal evolution of urban densification is poorly documented …

Rapid urbanization urges the immediate attention of policymakers to ensure sustainable city
development. Understanding the urban growth drivers is essential to address effective …

Urban vitality is the comprehensive form of regional development quality, sustainability, and
attractiveness. Urban vitality of various regions within the cities has difference, and the …

As one of the fundamental sectors to measure the carbon emission levels in a certain region,
building carbon emission plays an important role in determining low-carbon development …