Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces
and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens …

With all the advances in tissue engineering for construction of fully functional skin tissue,
complete regeneration of chronic wounds is still challenging. Since immune reaction to the …

Immunotherapy is regarded as the most promising treatment for cancers. Various cancer
immunotherapies, including adoptive cellular immunotherapy, tumor vaccines, antibodies …

Macrophages are endowed with a variety of receptors for lineage-determining growth
factors, T helper (Th) cell cytokines, and B cell, host, and microbial products. In tissues …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, characterized by the
formation of plaques containing lipid, connective tissue and immune cells in the intima of …

Obesity is becoming an epidemic in the United States and worldwide and increases risk for
many diseases, particularly insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular …

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has made significant progress. However, tumor
immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (eg, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) …

Macrophages are dynamic cells that play critical roles in the induction and resolution of
sterile inflammation. In this review, we will compile and interpret recent findings on the …

Over the last few decades, various forms of regulated cell death (RCD) have been
discovered and were found to improve cancer treatment. Although there are several reviews …

The past two decades of research into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) have
been driven largely by the amyloid hypothesis; the neuroinflammation that is associated with …