Following the development of microfluidic systems, there has been a high tendency towards
develo** lab-on-a-chip devices for biochemical applications. A great deal of effort has …

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is an emerging liquid-handling technology that enables
individual control over droplets on an open array of electrodes. These picoliter-to microliter …

The manipulation of small amounts of liquids has applications ranging from biomedical
devices to liquid transfer. Direct light-driven manipulation of liquids, especially when …

Microfabricated integrated circuits revolutionized computation by vastly reducing the space,
labor, and time required for calculations. Microfluidic systems hold similar promise for the …

As the most common but indispensable matter to humankind, water usually stays in a
macroscopically electric neutral state. Due to its inherent molecular polarity, however, water …

Electrowetting has become one of the most widely used tools for manipulating tiny amounts
of liquids on surfaces. Applications range from'lab-on-a-chip'devices to adjustable lenses …

Precision manipulation of various liquids is essential in many fields. Unlike solid objects,
fluids are intrinsically divisible, enriching their fundamental operations with merging …

Optical tweezers, a simple and robust implementation of optical micromanipulation
technologies, have become a standard tool in biological, medical and physics research …

Patterning of controllable surface wettability has attracted wide scientific attention due to its
importance in both fundamental research and practical applications. In particular, it is crucial …

Miniaturized droplets, characterized by well‐controlled microenvironments and capability for
parallel processing, have significantly advanced the studies on enzymatic evolution …