One of the problems that has slowed the development and approval of new anticancer
therapies is the lack of preclinical models that can be used to identify key molecular, cellular …

In vitro tumor models have provided important tools for cancer research and serve as low-
cost screening platforms for drug therapies; however, cancer recurrence remains largely …

An organ-on-a-chip is a microfluidic cell culture device created with microchip manufacturing
methods that contains continuously perfused chambers inhabited by living cells arranged to …

Distant metastasis, which results in> 90% of cancer-related deaths, is enabled by
hematogenous dissemination of tumor cells via the circulation. This requires the completion …

A key aspect of cancer metastases is the tendency for specific cancer cells to home to
defined subsets of secondary organs. Despite these known tendencies, the underlying …

During metastasis, cancer cells disseminate to other parts of the body by entering the
bloodstream in a process that is called intravasation. They then extravasate at metastatic …

Highlights•Comprehensive review of advances in microfluidic 3D cell culture since
2012.•Increased physiological relevance by precise control of cellular microenvironment.• …

Type I collagen hydrogels have been used successfully as three-dimensional substrates for
cell culture and have shown promise as scaffolds for engineered tissues and tumors. A …

The field of microfluidics-based three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system is rapidly
progressing from academic proof-of-concept studies to valid solutions to real-world …

The recent advent of microphysiological systems–microfluidic biomimetic devices that aspire
to emulate the biology of human tissues, organs and circulation in vitro–is envisaged to …