The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway exerts integral roles in embryogenesis and adult
homeostasis. Aberrant activation of the pathway is implicated in growth-associated diseases …

Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary tumours of the bone, with a 5‐year
survival rate of less than 20% after the development of metastases. Osteosarcoma is highly …

T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors are the major end
point mediators of Wnt/Wingless signaling throughout metazoans. TCF/LEFs are …

The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) regulate diverse cellular programs by
relaying extracellular signals to intracellular responses. In mammals, there are more than a …

▪ Abstract Tight control of cell-cell communication is essential for the generation of a
normally patterned embryo. A critical mediator of key cell-cell signaling events during …

A remarkable interdisciplinary effort has unraveled the WNT (Wingless and INT-1) signal
transduction cascade over the last two decades. Wnt genes encode small secreted proteins …

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases comprise a family of ubiquitous proline-directed,
protein-serine/threonine kinases, which participate in signal transduction pathways that …

The Wnt signaling pathway is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved pathway that
regulates crucial aspects of cell fate determination, cell migration, cell polarity, neural …

The regulation of cell growth and survival can be subverted by a variety of genetic defects
that alter transcriptional programs normally responsible for controlling cell number. High …

Growth factor signaling is required for cellular differentiation, tissue morphogenesis, and
tissue homeostasis. Misregulation of intracellular signal transduction can lead to …