Trillions of microbes survive and thrive inside the human body. These tiny creatures are
crucial to the development and maturation of our immune system and to maintain gut …

As a complex ecosystem of the human body, the intestinal flora maintains a dynamic
balance with the host and plays an irreplaceable role in life activities such as nutritional …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a progressive disorder, which is increasing globally in
prevalence due to the increased incidence of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Despite optimal …

The tryptophan–kynurenine pathway (Trp–KYN) is the major route for tryptophan conversion
in the brain and in the periphery. Kynurenines display a wide range of biological actions …

The central role of the intestinal microbiota in the progression and, equally, prevention of
metabolic dysfunction is becoming abundantly apparent. The symbiotic relationship …

Unresolved low grade systemic inflammation represents the underlying pathological
mechanism driving immune and metabolic pathways involved in autoimmune diseases …

In humans, a complex interaction between the host immune system and commensal
microbiota is required to maintain gut homeostasis. In this symbiotic relationship, the …

Rapid, accurate bacterial identification in biological samples is an important task for
microbiology laboratories, for which 16S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing of cultured isolates …

There has been an alarming increase in the prevalence of obesity in people with type 1
diabetes in recent years. Although obesity has long been recognized as a major risk factor …

OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes is associated with compositional differences in gut microbiota.
To date, no microbiome studies have been performed in maturity-onset diabetes of the …