In this paper, a 2-D beamforming phased array using a novel 2-D Nolen matrix network is
presented. The Nolen matrix is a novel antenna feeding network composed of only couplers …

This letter presents a novel topology of a 4× 4 Butler matrix, which can realize relatively
flexible phase differences at the output ports. The proposed Butler matrix employs couplers …

A novel broadband three-input four-output (3× 4) Butler matrix is proposed in this
communication. The proposed Butler matrix achieves equal power division and-90°, 0° …

Traditional design of 4× 4 Butler matrix (BM) uses couplers, phase shifters (PSs), and
crossovers. Due to some troublesome issues related to PS and the crossovers involved in …

In this article, an arbitrary-phase-difference (A-PD) transdirectional (TRD) coupler is
proposed and applied in the design of a flexible Butler matrix. The A-PD TRD coupler, which …

This brief presents a new generic wideband Butler matrix topology with an expanded range
of radiation beam angle. Both Butler matrix with equal phase differences (BM EPD) and …

This paper presents Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) based beam scanning antenna
array utilizing a Butler Matrix (BM). The proposed beamforming network is designed utilizing …

In this article, a new approach to designing a modified Butler matrix (BM) based on an-way
directional coupler (NWDC) is presented. First, by introducing phase shifters and …

Phased-array antennas have penetrated a large application space, and in this article, we
present some of the critical components for phased-array front ends, as described in. We …

This paper proposes a new Butler matrix topology. The proposed Butler matrix consists of
only four couplers without phase shifters and crossovers. The output phase difference is …