The aerial surfaces of plants are covered by a protective barrier formed by the cutin
polyester and waxes, collectively referred to as the cuticle. Plant cuticles prevent the loss of …

It is accepted that most fungal avirulence genes encode virulence factors that are called
effectors. Most fungal effectors are secreted, cysteine-rich proteins, and a role in virulence …

Powdery mildew fungi are obligate biotrophic pathogens that only grow on living hosts and
cause damage in thousands of plant species. Despite their agronomical importance, little …

The past decade has seen fundamental changes in our understanding of powdery mildews
(Erysiphales). Research on molecular phylogeny demonstrated that Erysiphales are …

Wheat powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici, is a devastating fungal
pathogen with a poorly understood evolutionary history. Here we report the draft genome …

The pioneering research of Harold Flor on flax and the flax rust fungus culminated in his
gene‐for‐gene hypothesis. It took nearly 50 years before the first fungal avirulence (Avr) …

To successfully infect plants, pathogens secrete effector proteins to the plant apoplast or
inside plant cells, where they suppress plant immunity or interfere with other cellular …

In host–pathogen interactions, efficient pathogen nutrition is a prerequisite for successful
colonization and fungal fitness. Filamentous fungi have a remarkable capability to adapt and …

Fortunately, no fungus can cause disease on all plant species, and although some plant-
pathogenic fungi have quite a broad host range, most are highly limited in the range of plant …

Summary 'Compatibility'describes the complementary relationship between a plant species
and an adapted pathogen species that underlies susceptibility and which ultimately results …