The greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella Linnaeus, is a ubiquitous pest of the honeybee,
Apis mellifera Linnaeus, and Apis cerana Fabricius. The greater wax moth larvae burrow …

Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria are insect pathogens that produce different Cry and Cyt toxins
to kill their hosts. Here we review the group of three-domain Cry (3d-Cry) toxins. Expression …

The genetics of arthropod resistance have been studied since the early 20th century, when
Harlan (1916) demonstrated that resistance to the leaf blister mite, Eriophyes gossypii …

▪ Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a valuable source of insecticidal proteins for use in
conventional sprayable formulations and in transgenic crops, and it is the most promising …

▪ Abstract Gram-positive spore-forming entomopathogenic bacteria can utilize a large variety
of protein toxins to help them invade, infect, and finally kill their hosts, through their action on …

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a unique bacterium in that it shares a common place with a
number of chemical compounds which are used commercially to control insects important to …

Environmentally benign insecticides derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bt) are the most widely used biopesticides, but their success will be short-lived if pests …

Brazil ranked second only to the United States in hectares planted to genetically modified
crops in 2013. Recently corn producers in the Cerrado region reported that the control of …

Cry proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis are selective biodegradable insecticides
used increasingly in bacterial insecticides and transgenic plants as alternatives to synthetic …

First generation of insect-protected transgenic corn (Bt-corn) was based on the expression of
Cry1Ab or Cry1Fa proteins. Currently, the trend is the combination of two or more genes …