For many species of insects, lipid pheromones profoundly influence survival, reproduction,
and social organization. Unravelling the chemical language of insects has been the subject …

Sex pheromones in many insect species are important species-recognition signals that
attract conspecifics and inhibit attraction between heterospecifics; therefore, sex …

The Heliconius butterflies are one of the classic systems in evolutionary biology and have
contributed hugely to our understanding of evolution over the last 150 years. Their dramatic …

Our natural body odor goes through several stages of age-dependent changes in chemical
composition as we grow older. Similar changes have been reported for several animal …

Chemical communication is the most ancient and widespread form of communication. Yet
we are only beginning to grasp the complexity of chemical signals and the role they play in …

Species coexistence involves the evolution of reproductive barriers opposing gene flow.
Heliconius butterflies display colorful patterns affecting mate choice and survival through …

This chapter gives an overview of biological codes based on Marcello Barbieri's concept of
codes as map** between two independent worlds through an adaptor. Biological codes in …

Sex pheromones provide an important means of communication to unite individuals for
successful reproduction. Although sex pheromones are highly diverse across animals, these …

This article highlights the potential contribution of biological codes to the course and
dynamics of evolution. The concept of organic codes, developed by Marcello Barbieri, has …

Colour pattern is the main trait that drives mate recognition between Heliconius species that
are phylogenetically close. However, when this cue is compromised such as in cases of …