The capacity to perceive and respond is integral to biological immune systems, but to what
extent can plants specifically recognize and respond to insects? Recent findings suggest …

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important elements that has a central impact on plant growth
and yield. N is also widely involved in plant stress responses, but its roles in host-pathogen …

Plant immune responses mediated by the hormone jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) are
metabolically costly and often linked to reduced growth. Although it is known that JA-Ile …

Metabolic signals orchestrate plant defenses against microbial pathogen invasion. Here, we
report the identification of the non-protein amino acid pipecolic acid (Pip), a common Lys …

Plants collectively produce hundreds of thousands of specialized metabolites that are not
required for growth or development. Each species has a qualitatively unique profile, with …

Besides defence pathways regulated by classical stress hormones, distinct amino acid
metabolic pathways constitute integral parts of the plant immune system. Mutations in …

Aphids are amongst the most damaging pests of plants that use their stylets to penetrate the
plant tissue to consume large amounts of phloem sap and thus deprive the plant of …

Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous amine molecules found in all living organisms. In plants,
beside their role in signaling and protection against abiotic stresses, there is increasing …

Insect-induced defenses occur in nearly all plants and are regulated by conserved signaling
pathways. As the first described plant peptide signal, systemin regulates antiherbivore …

The role of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling in resistance to root
pathogens has been poorly documented. We assessed the contribution of SA and JA to …