Climate warming is considered to be among the most serious of anthropogenic stresses to
the environment, because it not only has direct effects on biodiversity, but it also exacerbates …

Mountains contribute disproportionately to the terrestrial biodiversity of Earth, especially in
the tropics, where they host hotspots of extraordinary and puzzling richness. With about 25 …

The cryosphere (including, snow, glaciers, permafrost, lake and river ice) is an integral
element of high mountain regions, which are home to roughly 10% of the global population …

Mountain areas are biodiversity hotspots and provide a multitude of ecosystem services of
irreplaceable socio‐economic value. In the European Alps, air temperature has increased at …

Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are vital for human health and constitute the skeletal
framework of many pharmaceutical drugs. Indeed, more than 25% of the existing drugs …

Agriculture and the exploitation of natural resources have transformed tropical mountain
ecosystems across the world, and the consequences of these transformations for …

Estimating biodiversity change across the planet in the context of widespread human
modification is a critical challenge. Here, we review how biodiversity has changed in recent …

Abstract Changes in stratospheric ozone and climate over the past 40-plus years have
altered the solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation conditions at the Earth's surface. Ozone depletion …

Islands are among the last regions on Earth settled and transformed by human activities,
and they provide replicated model systems for analysis of how people affect ecological …

Mountains are an essential component of the global life-support system. They are
characterized by a rugged, heterogenous landscape with rapidly changing environmental …