Adaptive behaviour requires the ability to focus on a task and protect it from distraction
(cognitive stability) and to rapidly switch tasks when circumstances change (cognitive …

Pupillometry research has experienced an enormous revival in the last two decades. Here
we briefly review the surge of recent studies on task-evoked pupil dilation in the context of …

The past two decades have witnessed an explosion of interest in the cognitive and neural
mechanisms of adaptive control processes that operate in selective attention tasks. This has …

Performance monitoring is an important executive function that allows us to gain insight into
our own behaviour. This remarkable ability relies on the frontal cortex, and its impairment is …

Aging has been assumed to go along with deficient inhibitory processes in cognitive
performance. According to this inhibition deficit hypothesis, older adults are less able to …

Negative emotional stimuli activate a broad network of brain regions, including the medial
prefrontal (mPFC) and anterior cingulate (ACC) cortices. An early influential view …

It has been proposed that the unique need for early bilinguals to manage multiple
languages while their executive control mechanisms are develo** might result in long …

Cognitive control theory suggests that goal-directed behavior is governed by a dynamic
interplay between areas of the prefrontal cortex. Critical to cognitive control is the detection …

During human response conflict–competition between multiple conflicting actions when a
mistake could be made–a specific pattern of brain electrical activity occurs over the medial …

According to one influential account, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) serves to monitor
for conflicts in information processing. According to another influential account, the ACC …