Research in Macaronesia has led to substantial advances in ecology, evolution and
conservation biology. We review the scientific developments achieved in this region, and …

Understanding the mechanisms underlying species formation and differentiation is a central
goal of evolutionary biology and a formidable challenge. This understanding can provide …

Aims The 50th anniversary of the publication of the seminal book, The Theory of Island
Biogeography, by Robert H. MacArthur and Edward O. Wilson, is a timely moment to review …

ABSTRACT Quaternary (last 2.6 million years) botany involves studying plant megafossils
(eg tree stumps), macrofossils (eg seeds, leaves), and microfossils (eg pollen, spores) …

Colonization, speciation and extinction are dynamic processes that influence global patterns
of species richness,,,,–. Island biogeography theory predicts that the contribution of these …

Island archaeology is a well-established field within the wider discipline, but African
contributions to it remain scarce. The Canary Islands are unusual in the broader African …

The discovery and colonization of islands by humans has invariably resulted in their
widespread ecological transformation. The small and isolated populations of many island …

Aim We assessed the biogeographical implications of Pleistocene sea‐level fluctuations on
the surface area of Macaronesian volcanic oceanic islands. We quantified the effects of sea …

Oceanic islands remained free of humans until relatively recent times. On contact, humans
encountered pristine environments with unique ecosystems and species highly vulnerable …

Seed dispersal effectiveness (SDE) is the contribution of dispersers to plant recruitment and
is estimated as the product of the number of seeds dispersed (quantity) and the probability of …