Lichens are widely acknowledged to be a key component of high latitude ecosystems.
However, the time investment needed for full inventories and the lack of taxonomic …

Created in response to requests from longtime users, this addition to the acclaimed
reference to North American lichens compiles updated and expanded keys for the …

This checklist consists of cumulative updates to the most recently published North American
checklist by Esslinger and Egan (1995). The style and conventions for listings used there are …

Version 21 of the checklist of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi occurring in
North America north of Mexico is presented. It includesa a total of 5,421 species in 733 …

A lichen is a symbiotic association composed of a primary mycobionts and one or more
photobionts living mutualistically together, forming a distinct morphological entity beneficial …

Termites (Isoptera), which are a suborder of the cockroaches, are the oldest eusocial insects
[1–3]. It is assumed that they diverged from the Cryptocercoidae, woodfeeding cockroaches …

Molecular identification of organisms is now a common practice and, increasingly, species
are identified from environmental samples. However, for most organisms, we still lack …

This checklist consists of cumulative updates to the most recently published North American
checklist (Esslinger 2019). The same style and conventions for listings used there continue …

Species recognition in lichen-forming fungi has been a challenge because of unsettled
species concepts, few taxonomically relevant traits, and limitations of traditionally used …

Species represent a fundamental unit in evolutionary biology and provide a valuable context
for organizing, evaluating, and communicating important biological concepts and principles …