Gene duplication is an important evolutionary mechanism allowing to provide new genetic
material and thus opportunities to acquire new gene functions for an organism, with major …

Gonadotropins and their receptors' genes carry several single-nucleotide polymorphisms
resulting in endocrine genotypes modulating reproductive parameters, diseases, and …

Apes possess two sex chromosomes—the male-specific Y chromosome and the X
chromosome, which is present in both males and females. The Y chromosome is crucial for …

Fruit flies of the genus Drosophila have been an attractive and effective genetic model
organism since Thomas Hunt Morgan and colleagues made seminal discoveries with them …

One of the major properties of genes is their expression pattern. Notably, genes are often
classified as tissue specific or housekee**. This property is of interest to molecular …

Gene duplication is a fundamental process in genome evolution. However, most young
duplicates are degraded by loss-of-function mutations, and the factors that allow some …

Diverse β-carboline (βC) alkaloids are produced by microbes, plants, and animals with
myriad bioactivities and drug potentials. However, the biosynthetic mechanism of βCs …

Understanding the genetic architecture of disease is an enormous challenge, and should be
guided by evolutionary principles. Recent studies in evolutionary genetics show that sexual …

Genes involved in spermatogenesis tend to evolve rapidly, but we lack a clear
understanding of how protein sequences and patterns of gene expression evolve across this …

Abstract Schizophrenia's (SZ's) heritability and familial transmission have been known for
several decades; however, despite the clear evidence for a genetic component, it has been …