Proline is a multifunctional amino acid that is accumulated in high concentrations in plants
under various stress conditions. Proline accumulation is intimately connected to many …

We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research
groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common …

Dramatic accumulation of proline is a common physiological response in plants exposed to
various abiotic stresses. Accumulation of proline could be due to de novo synthesis …

Photosynthesis is a high-rate redox metabolic process that is subjected to rapid changes in
input parameters, particularly light. Rapid transients of photon capture, electron fluxes, and …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated as a consequence of plant
metabolic processes due to incomplete reduction of O 2. Previously considered to be only …

Recent years have witnessed enormous progress in understanding redox signaling related
to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. The consensus view is that such signaling is …

Microalgal photosynthesis is responsible for nearly half of the CO 2 annually captured by
Earth's ecosystems. In aquatic environments where the CO 2 availability is low, the CO 2 …

Soil salinity is a crucial environmental constraint which limits biomass production at many
sites on a global scale. Saline growth conditions cause osmotic and ionic imbalances …

Malate valves act as powerful systems for balancing the ATP/NAD (P) H ratio required in
various subcellular compartments in plant cells. As components of malate valves, isoforms of …

When plants are exposed to stress, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is often
one of the first responses. In order to survive, cells attempt to down‐regulate the production …