Background: Pollution–unwanted waste released to air, water, and land by human activity–is
the largest environmental cause of disease in the world today. It is responsible for an …

The global production of marine bivalves for human consumption is more than 15 million
tonnes per year (average period 2010–2015), which is about 14% of the total marine …

Seafood refers to several distinct groups of edible aquatic animals including fish,
crustacean, and mollusc. The two invertebrate groups of crustacean and mollusc are, for …

Edibles are the only source of nutrients and energy for humans. However, ingredients of
edibles have undergone many physicochemical changes during preparation and storage …

Marine biotoxins poison seafood under conditions of eutrophication induced by harmful
algal blooms, threatening life. It is challenging to construct efficient sensing technologies for …

Massive phytoplankton proliferation, and the consequent release of toxic metabolites, can
be responsible for seafood poisoning outbreaks: filter-feeding mollusks, such as shellfish …

The study of molluscan immune systems, in particular those of bivalve molluscs (eg, clams,
oysters, scallops, mussels), has experienced great growth in recent decades, mainly due to …

Up to the end of 2020 Every year, the appearance of marine biotoxins causes enormous
socio-economic damage worldwide. Among the major groups of biotoxins, paralytic shellfish …

Food contaminants present a significant threat to public health. In response to escalating
global concerns regarding food safety, there is a growing demand for straightforward, rapid …

Non-thermal processing technology has shown unparalleled advantages in improving food
quality and safety, making it develop rapidly in recent years and become a new research …