Sleep spindles are burstlike signals in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the slee**
mammalian brain and electrical surface correlates of neuronal oscillations in thalamus. As …

We often assume that the variables of functional and structural brain parameters—such as
synaptic weights, the firing rates of individual neurons, the synchronous discharge of neural …

Recent advances in multi-electrode array technology have made it possible to monitor large
neuronal ensembles at cellular resolution in animal models. In humans, however, current …

Neural circuits sit in a dynamic balance between excitation (E) and inhibition (I). Fluctuations
in E: I balance have been shown to influence neural computation, working memory, and …

Sequences of spiking activity have been heavily implicated as potential substrates of
memory formation and retrieval across many species. A parallel line of recent evidence also …

Balance of excitation and inhibition is a fundamental feature of in vivo network activity and is
important for its computations. However, its presence in the neocortex of higher mammals is …

Highlights•Adult human synapses show long-term potentiation and depression.•Activity-
dependent rules for associative plasticity have broad temporal windows.•Synaptic plasticity …

The insatiable appetite for energy to support human brain function is mainly supplied by
glucose oxidation (CMRglc (ox)). But how much energy is consumed for signaling and …

Critical states are sometimes identified experimentally through power-law statistics or
universal scaling functions. We show here that such features naturally emerge from …

Evoked brain oscillations in the gamma range have been shown to assist in stroke recovery.
However, the causal relationship between evoked oscillations and neuroprotection is not …