The vast interindividual clinical variability observed in any microbial infection—ranging from
silent infection to lethal disease—is increasingly being explained by human genetic and …

Invasive fungal diseases are rare in individuals with intact immunity. This, together with the
fact that there are only a few species that account for most mycotic diseases, implies a …

Cryptococcosis is a major worldwide disseminated invasive fungal infection. Cryptococcosis,
particularly in its most lethal manifestation of cryptococcal meningitis, accounts for …

Anti-cytokine autoantibodies (ACAAs) are increasingly recognized as modulating disease
severity in infection, inflammation and autoimmunity. By reducing or augmenting cytokine …

The genus Cryptococcus contains two primary species complexes that are significant
opportunistic human fungal pathogens: C. neoformans and C. gattii. In humans …

Human autoantibodies (auto‐Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs were first discovered in a woman
with disseminated shingles and were described by Ion Gresser from 1981 to 1984. They …

Macrophages are key cellular components of innate immunity, acting as the first line of
defense against pathogens to modulate homeostatic and inflammatory responses. They …

Anticytokine autoantibodies can cause immunodeficiency or dysregulate immune
responses. They may phenocopy genetically defined primary immunodeficiencies. We …

Human autoimmunity against elements conferring protective immunity can be symbolized by
the 'ouroboros', a snake eating its own tail. Underlying infection is autoimmunity against …

Background Neutralizing anti–granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
autoantibodies (AAbs) have been increasingly recognized to predispose healthy individuals …