There is a growing interest in understanding tissue organization, homeostasis, and
inflammation. However, despite an abundance of data, the organizing principles of tissue …

Sleep-immune interactions are well-known phenomena in everyday life and folk wisdom.
There is no doubt that an infection makes us tired and increases the desire to sleep, and a …

Reactogenicity represents the physical manifestation of the inflammatory response to
vaccination, and can include injection-site pain, redness, swelling or induration at the …

Because of the compartmentalization of disciplines that shaped the academic landscape of
biology and biomedical sciences in the past, physiological systems have long been studied …

Pathogen infection causes a stereotyped state of sickness that involves neuronally
orchestrated behavioural and physiological changes,. On infection, immune cells release a …

BACKGROUND Metabolism can be broadly divided into anabolic, energy-consuming,
biosynthetic processes and energy-generating catabolic processes. Different biological …

Fever is a cardinal response to infection that has been conserved in warm-blooded and cold-
blooded vertebrates for more than 600 million years of evolution. The fever response is …

Background Case-control studies have associated delirium with blood–brain barrier (BBB)
permeability. However, this approach cannot determine whether delirium is attributable to …

Profound and debilitating fatigue is the most common complaint reported among individuals
with autoimmune disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 …

Mental processes and their neural substrates are intimately linked to the homeostatic control
of internal bodily state. There are a set of distinct interoceptive pathways that directly and …