BACKGROUND For centuries, thinkers have considered whether and how climatic
conditions influence the nature of societies and the performance of economies. A …

Restrictions to reduce human interaction have helped to avoid greater suffering and death
from the COVID-19 pandemic, but have also created socioeconomic hardship. This …

Global projections of macroeconomic climate-change damages typically consider impacts
from average annual and national temperatures over long time horizons,,,,–. Here we use …

The social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) measures the monetized value of the damages
to society caused by an incremental metric tonne of CO2 emissions and is a key metric …

Increased extreme heat is among the clearest impacts of global warming, but the economic
effects of heat waves are poorly understood. Using subnational economic data, extreme …

Estimates of the social cost of carbon are the yardstick for climate policy targets. However,
there is great uncertainty and we do not know how estimates have evolved over time. Here I …

Macro-economic assessments of climate impacts lack an analysis of the distribution of daily
rainfall, which can resolve both complex societal impact channels and anthropogenically …

Chapter 3 assesses the emissions pathways literature in order to identify their key
characteristics (both in commonalities and differences) and to understand how societal …

Estimates of global economic damage caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions can
inform climate policy,–. The social cost of carbon (SCC) quantifies these damages by …

Background Adoption of healthy and sustainable diets could be essential for safe-guarding
the Earth's natural resources and reducing diet-related mortality, but their adoption could be …